Iingxowa zokupakisha ukutyangomnye weendidi zovavanyo lokupakisha ukutya, ikakhulu ezenziwe ngezinto zeplastiki, ezinjengeengxowa zokupakisha ze-polyethylene, iingxowa zokupakisha ze-polypropylene, iingxowa zokupakisha ze-polyester, iingxowa zokupakisha ze-polyamide, iingxowa zokupakisha ze-polyvinylidene chloride, iingxowa zokupakisha ze-polycarbonate, iipolyvinyl iingxowa zotywala kunye nezinye iingxowa zokupakisha. iingxowa zokupakisha izinto ezintsha zepolymer.
Kuyaziwa ukuba ezinye izinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi zinokuveliswa ngexesha lokuveliswa kunye nokusetyenzwa kweemveliso zeplastiki, ngoko ke ukuhlolwa komgangatho weengxowa zokupakisha ukutya kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kococeko kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo yokulawula umgangatho.
1.Isishwankathelo sovavanyo
Ngenxa yokoibhegi yokupakisha ukutyaidibana ngokuthe ngqo nokutya esikutya yonke imihla, umgangatho ophambili wokuhlolwa kwayo kukuba kucocekile.
Kubandakanya intsalela yokuguquka komphunga (i-acetic acid, i-ethanol, i-n-hexane), ukusetyenziswa kwe-potassium permanganate, isinyithi esinzima, kunye novavanyo lwe-decolorization.Intsalela yomphunga ibonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukubaiingxowa zokupakisha ukutyaziya kumisa iintsalela kunye neentsimbi ezinzima xa zidibana neviniga, iwayini, ioli kunye nolunye ulwelo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.Iintsalela kunye neentsimbi ezinzima ziya kuba nemiphumo emibi kwimpilo yabantu.Ukongeza, iintsalela ziya kuchaphazela ngqo umbala, ivumba, incasa kunye nolunye umgangatho wokutya.
Umgangatho wokuhlola weiingxowa zokupakisha ukutya: izinto eziluhlaza kunye nezongezo ezisetyenziswa kwiingxowa ziya kuhlangabezana neemfuno ezifanelekileyo zomgangatho wesizwe, kwaye ziya kuqinisekisa ukuba akukho tyhefu okanye enye ingozi eya kubangelwa kumzimba womntu.
Uvavanyo lokuthotywa: uhlobo lokuthotywa kweemveliso lunokwahlulwa lube luhlobo lwefotodegradation, uhlobo lwe-biodegradation kunye nohlobo lokuthotywa kokusingqongileyo.Ukuba ukusebenza kokuthotywa kuhle, isikhwama siya kuphuka, sihluke kwaye sinciphise ngokwaso phantsi kwesenzo esidibeneyo sokukhanya kunye ne-microorganisms, kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe yinkunkuma, eya kwamkelwa yindalo yendalo, ukuphepha ukungcola okumhlophe.
2.Ukufunyanwa okunxulumene
Okokuqala, ukutywinwa kweengxowa zokupakisha kufuneka kube ngqongqo kakhulu, ngakumbiiingxowa zokupakisha ukutyaekufuneka itywinwe ngokupheleleyo.
Umgangatho wokuhlola weiingxowa zokupakisha ukutyaiya kuba phantsi kokuhlolwa kwembonakalo: imbonakalo yeiingxowa zokupakisha ukutyaiya kuba sicaba, ingabi nemikrwelo, imikrwelo, amaqamza, ioli eyaphukileyo nemibimbi kwaye itywina lobushushu liya kuba mcaba kwaye lingabi natywina lobuxoki.I-membrane iya kukhululeka kwiintanda, iipores kunye nokwahlulwa koluhlu oludibeneyo.Akukho ungcoliseko olufana nokungcola, imiba yangaphandle kunye namabala e-oyile.
Ukuhlolwa kwenkcazo: inkcazo, ububanzi, ubude kunye nokutenxa kobukhulu kuya kuba phakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo.
Uvavanyo lwepropathi ebonakalayo kunye noomatshini: umgangatho webhegi ulungile.Uvavanyo lweempawu zomzimba kunye noomatshini lubandakanya amandla okuqina kunye nobude ngexesha lekhefu.Ibonisa ukukwazi ukunweba kwemveliso ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.Ukuba ikhono lokwelula lemveliso lihlwempuzekileyo, kulula ukuqhekeza kunye nokulimala ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.
Umbuzo: Indlela yokuchonga nokubaiingxowa zokupakisha zeplastikiingaba yityhefu kwaye ayicocekanga?
A: Ukufunyanwa ngokutshisa iingxowa zeplastiki:
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezingenayo ityhefu kulula ukuzitshisa.Xa uqwalasela ngenyameko, uya kufumanisa ukuba umbala wedangatye utyheli kwincam kunye ne-cyan kwindawo, kwaye uya kuwa njengekhandlela nevumba leparafini.
Iingxowa zeplastiki ezinetyhefu akukho lula ukuzitshisa.Ziya kucinywa ngoko nangoko emva kokushiya umthombo womlilo.Incam ityheli kwaye inxalenye iluhlaza.Emva kokutshisa, baya kuba kwimeko yokuxutywa.
3.Izinto zovavanyo
Umgangatho weemvakalelo: amaqamza, imibimbi, imigca yamanzi kunye namafu, imivimbo, amehlo entlanzi kunye neebhloko eziqinileyo, iziphene ezingaphezulu, ukungcola, amadyungudyungu, ukuqina, ukungalingani kobuso bokuphela kwefilimu, iindawo zokutywinwa kobushushu.
Ubungakanani bokutenxa: ubude bebhegi, ukutenxa kobubanzi, ukutenxa ubude, ukutywinwa kunye nomda webhegi
Izinto zovavanyo lweempawu zomzimba kunye noomatshini: amandla aqinile, ukunyanzelwa kokwaphuka, amandla obushushu, umthwalo okwi-engile ekunene, impembelelo yedart, amandla e-peel, inkungu, ukuhanjiswa komphunga wamanzi.
Ezinye izinto: uvavanyo lokusebenza komqobo weoksijini, uvavanyo lokumelana noxinzelelo lwengxowa, uvavanyo lokuwisa ibhegi, uvavanyo lokusebenza kococeko njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-17-2023